Tracing the wet area
Moisture meters and a look in the attic show how far the water spread above the ceiling. That footprint is almost always wider than the stain underneath it.
Wind-driven monsoon rain gets under roof tiles and through the seams of a flat roof, and the first thing most people notice is a brown ring spreading across a ceiling. An independent provider can dry what the leak soaked and restore the inside of the building.
Tile roofs shed water, but the underlayment beneath the tiles is what actually keeps it out, and Arizona sun dries that layer out and cracks it long before the tiles themselves look worn. On the low-slope and flat roof sections common on older ranch homes in Tempe and South Scottsdale, the leak usually starts where a scupper or roof drain has packed with dust and blown debris.
A slab home has no basement, so ceiling water runs along the top of the drywall, follows the framing and finally drops through a seam or a can light several feet from where it came in. The stain you can see is where the water finished, not where it started.

The roof repair itself is a roofing trade, and tarping a damaged roof in a storm is their call. An independent restoration provider handles what the water reached on the inside; ask them to quote that work once the wet area has been measured.
Moisture meters and a look in the attic show how far the water spread above the ceiling. That footprint is almost always wider than the stain underneath it.
A ceiling holding water can come down in one piece. It should be relieved in a controlled way, with what is underneath moved and power kept off to fixtures in the wet area.
Wet blown-in insulation stays wet, so that section usually comes out. Rafters, trusses and the top plate are dried and checked rather than replaced by default.
Drywall is cut back to where the meter reads dry, not to a tidy line across the room, and you see that boundary marked before anything is removed.
Water that ran down inside a wall wets the insulation, the bottom plate and the flooring at the base. Those get dried too, or the smell comes back later.
Everything is recorded before it is touched, which is what a roofing quote or an insurance file needs once the cleanup is finished.
Two separate jobs follow a roof leak: the roof has to stop leaking, and the inside has to be dried and put back. Getting the roofer scheduled while the ceiling is still open is worth doing, because the repair can be checked from the attic side before anything closes up.
If the same storm also pushed water in at a door or a garage, that is storm and flood cleanup and it is handled at the same visit. Once the water is out, the building still needs proper structural drying before repairs begin.
A leak that dripped quietly for weeks before anyone noticed may also need mold remediation. To understand which wet materials get saved and which come out, read dry and restore versus replace, see the notes for Ahwatukee and the rest of the East Valley, or call and describe the stain.
No. A restoration provider handles the water damage inside the building: drying, removing what cannot be saved and restoring the ceiling and walls. The roof covering itself is repaired by a roofing contractor, and tarping during a storm is their work too. Ask the restoration provider what they found so you can brief the roofer.
Yes. Drywall holding water gets heavy and can drop without warning, and there is usually wiring and a light fixture in the same area. Keep everyone out of the room, move furniture from underneath if you can do it from the edge, and do not push a hole in it to drain the water yourself.
Often not. Drywall that got damp and dried quickly can stay, while drywall that was saturated or stayed wet for days is removed. The meter readings decide it, and the boundary should be marked and shown to you first. The restore versus replace page explains how that call is made for each material.
Because water has to soak through the insulation and the drywall before it shows on the painted surface. Attic insulation holds a lot of water first, so a leak during a monsoon storm on a Tuesday can produce a ceiling ring at the weekend. That delay is also why the wet area is bigger than the mark.
Call and describe where the water is coming from and how far it has spread to reach an independent provider.